Wednesday 21 April 2010

Tuesday 30 March 2010

Script

Page 1 of script



page 2 of script

Shot list

SHOT LIST

WRITEN BY:
Gareth Gorvin

YEAR (GROUP): ND1

DATE: 23/3/10

PAGE NO.1

SHOOTING ORDER SHOT

DIRECTOR:
Frazer Jolly, Gareth Gorvin, Luke Hindle and Rob Graham

JOB NUMBER 1

PRODUCER:
Frazer Jolly, Gareth Gorvin, Luke Hindle and Rob Graham

LOCATION(S):
St Helens Street, St Edmunds Building allay way, Skate Park and Docks

TIME OF DAY: Daytime

EXTERNAL

Scene and shot numbers

1,1 Tracking shot of Gareth walking around the corner towards a shop to buy some popcorn, Mugger(Rob) follows me off camera.

1,2 Wide shot of Gareth walking into shop pursued by mugger(rob), Mugger hides round corner waiting to strike.

2,1 Wide shot of Gareth coming out of shop and walking away, Mugger(rob) jumps out and comes from behind Gareth.

2,2 Mid shot of Rob confronting Gareth and pulling a knife out. 2 3 Over shoulder of Gareth over Rob’s shoulder capturing the fear in Gareth’s eyes.

2,4 2 shot of Rob ‘shanking’ Gareth and snatching the popcorn from his grasp. Rob then runs away with the popcorn.

3,1 Wide shot of Gareth running over to tell his friends (Luke and Frazer) what has happened.

3,2 Close up of Gareth with his head in his hands.

3,3 Mid shot of Gareth removing head from hands and rapping.

3,4 Mid shot of Gareth dancing from slightly further away.

3,5 Mid 2 shot of Frazer and Luke listening to Gareth’s verse and nodding.

3,6 Wide shot of Frazer giving reassurance. All of them then leave shot.

3,7 Wide shot of them running around the corner to find the mugger(Rob)

4,1 Dutch tilt POV shot capturing rob running around the corner with Gareth’s popcorn.

4,2 Wide shot of Rob running around the corner with popcorn

4,3 Low shot of robs legs running into shot as he then sits against the wall.

4,4 Close up of Rob’s face as he lip syncs a section of the verse.

4,5 Mid shot of rob standing and rapping the verse with graffiti in the background.

5,1 Mid/Wide shot of Rob lip syncing the chorus.

5,2 Wide shot from the left of Rob as he walks around the corner, and Gareth, Frazer and Luke poke their heads around the corner in the background.

5,3 Wide shot of Frazer, Gareth and Luke looking around the corner whilst lip syncing the chorus. 6 1 Close up of Frazer’s eyes as he looks around the corner.

6,2 Frazer’s POV shot capturing Rob standing in the warehouse with popcorn.

6,3 Wide shot capturing Gareth, Frazer and Luke lurking behind the wall spying on rob. Rob is in the background.

6,4 Over shoulder shot showing Gareth, Frazer and Luke hiding behind a three of fridges.

6,5 Rob’s POV, he turns to look at the three fridges then looks away again.

6,6 Over shoulder shot of Gareth, Frazer and Luke coming out from behind the fridges and strutting over to confront Rob.

6,7 Hand held shot of Frazer rapping in Rob’s face. This is filmed from Luke’s POV as Luke and Gareth circle Rob and Frazer.

6,8 Over shoulder shot of Rob running away. Frazer jumps down from the stall and follows.

7,1 Panning shot from the outside of the warehouse as Rob runs past Followed by Frazer and Luke.

8,1 Wide shot shows Rob running around the corner.

8,2 mid shot shows Rob as he runs into a hand rail. Frazer and Luke then come round the corner.

8,3 Hand held shot of Luke and Frazer pushing Rob against the wall. Frazer then punches Rob in the face and knees him in the head. Rob falls down.

8,4 Wide shot of Rob on the floor as Frazer and Luke kick and punch him. Gareth then comes around the corner and joins in.

8,5 Close up of Rob laying on the floor as Luke takes the popcorn.

8,6 Low angle shot shows rob laying on the floor and Gareth, Frazer and Luke walk away. Rob then starts to get up.

8,7 Wide shot shows Rob running away and around the corner.

8,8 Wide shot of Gareth, Frazer and Luke running around the corner from which they came, with the popcorn.

9,1 Wide shot shows the three of them gather around and sit on a railing.

9,2 Wide/mid shot Luke give the popcorn back to Gareth.

9,3 Close up of Gareth with the popcorn.

9,4 Close up of Gareth opening the popcorn.

Callsheet and Risk assessment



Synopsis and treatment for own idea

Title of Program
Ill rap init

Crew Members
Gareth Gorvin
Frazer Jolly
Robert Graham
Luke hindle

Program Format
Music Video

Intended Audience
Male/Female 16-40, parody rock/rap fans.

Intended Program Length
3 - 3.5 Minutes

Cast
None

Locations
Ipswich, portman road.

Synopsis

3 minute rap about life as a superhero

The basic idea is that a trio of rapping superheroes who have their own unique super powers rap about fighting crime in the city and how they will defeat the evil Doctor Deaf, also the video will contain a performance of the rap. The first superhero is named ‘Razawr’ and his alter ego is Frazer, his super power is that he can fire razors from his hands. the second superhero goes by the name of ‘Ock’ and he is super strong, his alter ego is Luke. The third superhero is named ‘Planet’ because he has a planet for a head. The music video will follow a comedic narrative which will involve the trio of super heroes being called up by the president and rushing to a robbery. The video will begin with the trio in their secret lair, practising their super powers and training for combat. When the trio receive the phone call from the president detailing them on the robbery taking place at the city museum, they quickly fly to the scene of the crime. When they reach the scene of the crime they engage in an epic struggle with the dreaded Doctor Deaf. the trio eventually save the day and Doctor Deaf is left defeated. Each of the superheroes wears a skin tight leotard. The video will be filmed using a mixture of Green Screen and a cartoon style wooden set. The target audience of the video is young people and teenagers.

Treatment

The video will open with an establishing shot of a remote island I the middle of an ocean, the camera will zoom in to island and into the superheroes secret lair. The island is volcanic and the lair itself is deep under ground inside a volcano. During the establishing shot, a commentary will be heard and will help the viewers understand what is going on, the song will then start as the heroes are introduced. At the start of the video one of the superheroes is sitting on the sofa with his feet on a small table and the other two are playing ping pong in the background. This will be filmed form above the television. At this point the telephone will ring and one of them will answer it. We are then transported into the office of the president, who informs the superheroes of a robbery taking place in a museum just over the road from the presidents office, we can see explosions in the background. There is then a transition back to the superheroes lair that shows them getting ready for combat. The Mise-en-scene of the lair includes bright colours like reds, blues and greens against grey. The next shot is of the inside of the museum in which we can see people running to get away from Doctor Deaf as he is scaling the wall of the inside of the museum riding a giant robot spider. The heroes then burst in through a window and ‘Razawr’ fires razors at Doctor Deaf. There is then an epic fighting montage which has subtitled comic sound effects like ’Zapp’ added for dramatic effect. The final sequence shows Doctor Deaf’s mechanical spider being destroyed and the heroes firing Doctor Deaf back to Uranus. There will also be clips of the Super Trio performing the rap between sequences. The editing towards the start of the video will contain slow moving transitions but the speed will pick up as the action increases. The fight sequence will be edited so that the action is happening within sections of a comic magazine and will freeze as the sections move on. The cinematography and shot sizes will consist of wide establishing shots in the opening section of the video, there will also be dramatic close ups used to capture facial expression and over shoulder shots for an interesting perception. The song will be played through the entire video.

story board

Music video story boards

Page 1



Page 2

Music video project



The project started with with us choosing the group we were going to spend the rotation working with. Me and Rob originaly choose to work together becuase i play guitar and he plays drums, this seemed like a good idea. We then choose to work with Frazer and Luke. The first project we had was to produce a short lip sync video as a warm up for our actual music video. However before we did the lip sync we had a couple of sessions to come up a track for our song we were going to create. in these sessions we planned use the recording studio to record a guitar and drum track. Although, Frazer and Luke do not play instruments, so we then decided to use 'Garage Band', on Garage band, Luke came up with a track. The track Luke created was good, and i used it as a base for the final track which i created. We all put our ideas forward and decided this was track we were going to use. We spent the next few sessions perfecting the track, designating the verses, chorus and the bridge. I was happy with our final track.

The Lyrics

After the lip sync project, The next job was to write the lyrics. Whilst we were creating the track on Garage Band, we came up wit a rough idea of what we wanted to do for the video. Using the Genre that we decided upon and idea of the mugging in the street, I began to write the lyrics for our track. The idea of the first verse was to have a character, which was me in the final project, walking along the street and entering a shop. When the character exited the sho he was going to be approached and mugged by Rob. We decided theses roles becuase Rob is big, and i looked the most likely to be mugged. Anyway, I write the first verse being rapped from my point of view after the mugging. The next verse was going to be presented from the muggers point of view, so with the help of Frazer i then write lyrics for the second and third verse and then chorus. Everyone was happy with the lyrics, it was then where we started to plan the location and plot for the video.

Video Original idea

The idea started off with Me(the victim) walking down the street and entering a corner shop. just before entering the shop we would see Rob(the mugger) follow me and hide behind a corner waiting to strike when i came out. After Rob had confronted and 'knifed' me, he was then going to run away with my sweets leaving me sobbing. it was at this point i would begging my rap. We would then see Rob running into an alley way with my sweets. he then would lip sync his verse.

During the chorus, we originally planned to use the Green screen to lip sync the chorus over, we were then going to edit a city-scape in to the background. Although, when editing we decided not to do this. After Rob had stolen my sweets and ran off with them, i would run to tell my friends about what happened. My Friends who were Frazer and Luke, would then run off with me to find and plot revenge on Rob.

The original idea was to film Frazer and Luke stalking Rob walking down the street using crafty disguises, you can see this in my storyboards. But in the end we improvised on our surroundings (three fridges). Frazer and Luke were then going to jump out on Rob, beat him up and steal back my sweets. The final sequence was going to show Frazer and Luke returning the sweets to me and us all living happily ever after.

Video evaluation

I was very pleased with our final product and i think i played an important role in its success. The first thing that our group had to do to was produce a track to make the music video for. with the help of Frazer, Luke and Rob I used Garage band to create the track that we used in our final product. Despite Garage bands reputation of the samples not fitting together with each other, i mannaged to puzzle togeter a track which worked and sounded good, the track i created recieved possitive feedback from mine and other groups in the class. in my spare time i often write and produce my own songs. i also write the lyrics to the track with help from Frazer. Me and my group were very pleased with the final track.

Once we had finished recording our lyrics and peicing them together with our track, we began to work out the narrative of our video, locations and how we were actually going to do it. We all thought that the mugging idea was the one we wanted to use in our video. i feel that my contribution to the preproduction of the video was effective towards the group and final product. if i were asked to make another promotional video for our own song, i would deffinately try to record live instruments and vocals instead of relying on Garage band, i would also make sure we recorded our lyrics as soon as we could to give us plenty of time to think about the video. i am happy with the final track, although i think one of the verses is slightly out of time and a little louder than the others. we could have avoided this problem by allowing more time to rehearse the song and adjusting the sound levels when making the track.

During the production of our video and track i think i have picked up new skills and gained new knowledge of the software. I learnt how to use software that was new to me. Before this rotation it was not clear to me how to use Final cut pro, but whilst we were editing the track i think i sort of got the hang of it, if you asked me to use Final cut before this rotation i would have no idea what i was doing, but with the help of Luke and Rob who have used it before, i feel i have deffinately broadened my understanding. I also feel that i can now use Garage band effectively, i have used software simmilar to Garage Band before, so picking it up was not as difficult.

When watching our final video and listening to the finished track i am very happy with the progress we made and the technical quality of the finished peice. However, i do think there is room for improvement, like i have mentioned allready the sound levels could have been slightly adjusted during the creation of our track, although, i still feel pleased with the track and i feel it meets the standards expected. During the edit of the video, we found it difficult to get the lip syncing exactly in time with the video.

When we had finished a rough edit of our video and showed it to the class, it was clear to us that we needed to do some work towards getting the lip sync in time with the track. The feedback we recieved from the class was very possitive. People liked our track and found the video entertaining and amusing. This was a good start, although people did pick up on the lip syncing and some dodgey editing we needed to tighten up. when it came to producing a final edit we tried to righten all the wrongs we had made in our rough edit. When playing the video back on Final Cut, it seemed that the lip sync was now perfectly in time with the track, but when we compressed the video for some reason it was out of time with the track. However, this didnt matter so much because there was nothing we could have done about it, other groups also had this problem.

When we filmed the video we tryed to use a range of interresting camera angles and cinematography, the shots we used inclued Dutch tilts, over shoulder shots, Point Of View shots, Hand held shots and we tryed to include interresting foreground and back ground shots. In the edit we selected the shots we thought were the most effective in capturing the action unnfolding.

We also tryed to use interesting mise-en-scene in our video. The genre of of music video was a rock/rap parody, and i think that if you watched our video with out the sound. you could work out its genre. We used Graffiti in the background of many of our shots to fit in with the videos genre. A good example of the parody genre would be the 3 fridges that we found in a disused ice cream factory, and used them to hide behind. We knew that location was important for the mise-en-scene of our video so we filmed the video in alley ways and 'Ghetto' simulting enviroments to fit with the genre we were looking for.

At the start of the video we used a Freach jaz saxophone as a background track for when i am walking down the street to enter the shop. I think this worked well as it helped create a casual atmosphere, and in effect makes the mugging more surprising, it also is a real contrast with our track. When our track kicks in it is as if the mugging is really happening. This is helped with my fantastic silent movie acting skills. We intended on being able to here Rob saying "Oy! Give us your popcorn!" but in the final video its a bit quite. We would improve this by just adjusting the audio levels.

I think that the narrative in our video fits in great with our rap/rock parody genre. The mugging, fight scene and revenge are typical of a video like ours, and i dont think there is much wrong with the narrative execpt some continuity issues, like towards the start of the video Rob is wearing a hat, and then in the next shot he isnt. Which is a basic error that we didnt only notice untill recently. our video doesnt really contain anything noticably intertextual, or that we inteded to be intertextual. However, you could say the video resembles music videos like Beastie Boys 'Sabotage' or 'Ch-Check it out'.

When comparing our video to our original synopsis and treatement, there is noticable differences. When we came to filming the 'stalking' sequence, we found 3 old fridges that had been dumped in a disused ice cream factory, we then decided it was a much better idea for us to use these as hiding places, where as our original idea was to dress up in disguises. We decided that using disguises may be confusing to the people watching the video, so we positioned the fridges so we could hide behind them. We also didnt intend on including a chase sequence in our original script.

I do think that the characters in our video came across as we intended them to. Rob tryed to wear chavy clothes that resembled a mugger and i think it was obvious when watching the video. i also think i make a good mugging victim and other people in the class agreed with me. i think all the characters in the video came across as we intended. if i was given the same project again i would try and get more people involved with the confrontation between us and Rob in the video just before he runs away.

I have really enjoyed this rotation and i a pleased with our final video, i feel as if i have achieved what i wanted at the start of the project and i think it comes across effectively, i think our video is a strong example of the genre of the song, and the video is complementery for the song. i know that the editing of the video could have been a little tighter, we could have made it more obvious that time had passed when i enter and exit the shop, and the track could have done with some adjusting. But i am quite proud of the final video.

Thursday 25 March 2010

Glossary write up

Gareth Gorvin

ND1 Media: Interactive media report

Interactive media refers to products and services on digital computer-based systems or an interactive screen which responds to the user’s actions by using content such as text, graphics, animation, video, menus and sound. Interactive media has become an increasingly popular method in advertising and education. Interactive media is now used to promote a product or service in a way that regular advertisement cannot. Interactive advertising also has some properties that can expand the range of potential objectives and that improve advertisements effectiveness. Interactive media also improves the potential to decrease the losses caused by poorly coordinated advertising, to reduce the difficulties commonly encountered in clearly communicating an advertising message and to help overcome consumer rejection. With the invention and growth of interactive media sources like television and the internet, people can now gain access to information and view specific content whenever they please from their own home, which they could not before. In this report I will be exploring a range of interactive media platforms that have contributed to the expansion of user access to media.

The World Wide Web is certainly at this point in time the easiest way to access and host interactive media. The majority of people today have some way of accessing the World Wide Web whether they have their own computer with internet compatibility or can go to an internet cafe. The World Wide Web is basically a system of interlinked hypertext documents contained and displayed on the Internet. With a web browser, anyone can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other interactive media and may navigate between them by using various hyperlinks and search engines. Websites like YouTube are popular sources of interactive media, be this through advertisement or hyperlinks. YouTube is a video sharing website on which users can upload and share videos. YouTube is also a good source of viral advertising. The World Wide Web also allows access to internet television services like BBC iplayer and 4OD; these interactive services allow users to watch any television show or series at anytime of the day. Internet television was a huge leap in the growth of easier access to interactive media. The downside to internet television may be that they may eventually lead to a decrease in people just sitting down to watch television or maybe discourage people from buying a television series box set because they will be able to access that series at anytime through websites like BBC iplayer and 4OD. The World Wide Web also allows access to interactive media platforms such as QuickTime player. QuickTime was created by Apple and is a media player capable of playing various formats of video, images, audio, text and animation.
Spam is an example of interactive media that is only access able via the World Wide Web. Spam is the abuse of electronic messaging systems to send unsolicited bulk messages indiscriminately. While the most common form of spam is e-mail spam, although the term is used in other multimedia texts like instant messaging. Spam e-mails contain interactive false accusations, propositions or offers that may result in the victim receiving a virus or handing over details.
Email attachments are files that are sent along with an e-mail message. The file is not a separate message, but now it is almost universally sent as part of the message to which it is attached. Worms and viruses are often distributed as attachments to e-mail messages. With vulnerable e-mail programs the virus may be activated by viewing or previewing the message; more robust programs only allow infection if the user opens the attachment. Unexpected e-mails with attachments should always be considered suspicious and dangerous, particularly if not known to be sent by a trusted source. Although, not all e-mail attachments are dangerous, images and videos can also be sent as attachments to be viewed by the receiver of the message safely.
DVDs or digital versatile discs are an optical disc media storage format, and were invented and developed by Sony and Philips in 1995. Their main uses are for video and data storage. DVDs are of the same dimensions as compact discs (CDs), but store more than six times as much data. DVDs are a form of interactive media. If you were to buy a television series on DVD you may find a type of interactive media stored secretly in the DVD menus, these are known as virtual ‘Easter eggs’, these can also be found in films and video games. A virtual Easter egg is an intentional hidden message, in-joke or a feature. DVD series’ like ‘Doctor Who’ and ‘The Simpsons’ are well known for containing hidden virtual Easter eggs in the menus. This type of interactive media is often hunted for when buying television series’ on DVD. Other forms of interactive DVDs include DVD board games and Quiz’s. these DVDs simply play through an ordinary DVD player allowing the user to interact as they would if they were using a games console. DVD games may be spin offs of popular television Game shows like ‘Deal or no deal’ or ‘Who wants to be a millionaire?’. DVDs were a huge advance in technology after the video cassette as they provided a larger memory, better picture quality and interactive menus.
Another popular interactive media platform is CD ROM. CD ROM is an acronym of ‘Compact Disc Read-Only Memory’. A CD ROM is a pre-pressed compact disc that contains data accessible to, but not writable by, a computer for data storage and music playback. CD ROMs contain interactive content like guided tours for educational purposes and games. CD ROM discs are identical in appearance to audio CDs, and data are stored and retrieved in a very similar manner the only difference is the way Audio files are stored and accessed on a computer. CD-ROMs are popularly used to distribute computer software, including interactive games and multimedia applications, though any data can be stored up to the capacity limit of the disc. Some CDs hold both computer data and audio with the capability of being played on a CD player.
A fairly recent output of interactive media comes from interactive kiosks. An Interactive kiosk is a computer terminal that provides information access via electronic methods, these can be found at certain bus, train stations and airports. Most kiosks provide unattended access to web applications that require the user to interact usually via touch screen technology. The first self-service, interactive kiosk was developed in 1977 at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign by a student and allowed students and visitors to the college to have access to maps and bus schedules. The first successful network of interactive kiosk used for commercial purposes was a project developed by a shoe retailer in America to help customers pick out shoes. Today's kiosks are used to bring together the classic vending machine with high-tech communications and complex robotic and mechanical technology. Such interactive kiosks can include self-checkout lanes like the ones in ‘Boots’, e-ticketing, information and way finding. A Photo kiosk is an interactive kiosk which allows users to print their own pictures straight from a digital camera. An internet kiosk is also an interactive media output which provides public internet access. These kiosks often resemble a typical telephone booth, and are typically placed in places like hotel lobbies and long-term care facilities. Reliability is an important consideration when using an internet kiosk, and as a result many specialised kiosk software applications have been developed for the industry to help prevent ‘hackers’ or spyware. These applications interface with the bill acceptor and credit card swipe to prevent users from changing the configuration of the software used or downloading computer viruses, and allow the kiosk owner to see what’s going on remotely.
A Presentation is the practice of showing and explaining the content of a topic to an audience or learner. Presentation can be created using a presentation program, such as Microsoft PowerPoint. PowerPoint is often used to generate presentation content. PowerPoint presentations consist of a number of individual pages or "slides". Slides may contain text, graphics, movies, and other objects, which may be arranged freely on the slide. PowerPoint, however, facilitates the use of a consistent style in a presentation using a template or "Slide Master". These presentations can be distributed via the internet or showed to a local audience using a projector. Online presentations are an important platform of displaying interactive media to a wide audience. Websites like ‘Blogger’ contain interactive presentations that people have created. Interactive Presentations are often used in schools and colleges for educational value or business purposes.
Television click through technology is a source of interactive media that is increasing in popularity. One of the more well known forms of click through technology is Teletext. Teletext is a television interactive information retrieval service developed in the UK in the early 1970s. It offers a range of text-based information, typically including national, international and sporting news, weather and TV schedules. Another and more recent form of click through technology is ‘The Red Button’. The Red Button is an interactive television service provided by the BBC. ‘The Red Button’ was created to replace Teletext and is only available through digital television services. The service was launched in 1999 as ‘BBC Text’. It was relaunched in November 2001 under the BBCi brand and operated under this name until 2008, when it was once more rebranded as BBC Red Button. The "Red Button" name refers to the red button on remote controls for digital televisions and set-top boxes, which launches digital Teletext services. During certain broadcasts, by pressing the red button you can access different elements of a program. For example, when the Olympics is on, you can gain access to a range of different events on demand. The Red Button is also used to interact with television commercials, also when Xfactor is on, you can vote via pressing The Red Button. An advantage of using the red button service is that you can access digital television services instantly. A disadvantage would be that the red button service is only available on digital television for specific services, and for example, my television remote doesn’t actually have a red button on it, although the service says it is available to me.
With the introduction of mobile devices to society, interactive media has become available on a much wider scale than before. Before mobile devices, it was much harder to access instant interactive media. A modern mobile device is typically a handheld computer, phone, games console or PDA (personal digital assistant). One of the earliest forms of a handheld device was a handheld games console.
A handheld game console is a lightweight, interactive, portable electronic device with a built-in screen, controls and speakers. Portable games consoles are run on machines of small size allowing people to carry them around and play them at any time or place. Unlike video games consoles the controls, speakers and screen are all part of a single unit. A well known brand of handheld games console is the ‘Gameboy’. Nowadays people can access a huge range of interactive media, on mobile devices, at any time of day with no inconvenience. An Ipod is a portable media player designed by Apple. An Ipod Touch allows access to audio, video and images formats through touch screen technology. Other similar mobile devices provide access to interactive media like the ‘Blackberry’ and the ‘Iphone’. A mobile phone is an electronic device used for mobile telecommunications which includes text and picture messaging over a cellular network of specialized base stations known as cell sites. Over the years mobile phones have decreased in size and increased in memory and interactive capabilities. Years ago mobile phones were used only for telephone conversations. Today modern mobile telephones have access to the internet as well as interactive applications.


Uses of video in interactive media
In this section of my report I will be explaining how each of the following factors displays the use of video in the interactive media. Short films are used in the interactive media to help promote a cause, argue a point or advertise. Short films can contain interactive content. For example, a pop up could display similar videos or a hyperlink for buying a product. Promotional material can be in the form of posters, flyers of leaflets, etc. Promotional material is also often displayed as video within the interactive media; interactive video advertisements exist on web pages and television. The red button can be an implement of accessing interactive content within a television commercial. Promotional material often contains forms of interactive media to help persuade and interest a potential buyer. Promotional video material exists mainly on the internet and television but can also be found in kiosks, cinemas, and public internet access points. Film trailers or previews are film advertisements for feature films that will be exhibited in the future at a cinema before, on whose screen they are shown, the use of film trailers is to give a brief understanding of the film they are advertising, and encourage people to watch it. User Generated Content is very useful for a aspiring director or anyone looking for feedback on video in the interactive media. User generated content maybe for example video responses or feedback to a submitted video. Viral marketing is used in the interactive media to advertise. Viral adverts are popular on websites like YouTube. Viral adverts tend to be comedic or concept based to attract attention. Advertising is a form of communication with the intention to persuade. Advertising is commonly used in interactive video with the intent to convince the viewer to buy a product. Virtual reality tours are also used in the interactive media as a simpler way to give information without having to actually go on a guided tour. People can buy virtual reality tours on CD ROM to play them at home on their computers. Virtual reality tours are a useful source of information. Video games are very popular in the interactive media and are used in video to reach a target audience. Video games despite their reputation, video games are a very social form of interactive media.
e-learning is basically learning using computer programs or pre recorded lessons shown to an audience. E-learning is useful because it doesn’t provide a teacher.
Video in interactive media technologies
A common form of interactive and useful media technologies is video compression. Video compression refers to reducing the quality of data used to represent digital images. Video compression changes file size. A CODEC is a device or computer program capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream or signal. Which basically means it breaks down an incoming signal making it easier to manager. Video Streaming refers to transferring video data such that it can be processed as a steady and continuous stream over the network to receive data from somewhere.
A list of interactive media formats and definitions:
MPEG, Moving Picture Experts Group. MPEG files have the ability to contain audio and video.
AVI, Audio Video Interleave, AVI files also consist of playable audio and video,
MOV is a multitrack streaming programme associated with Apple while WMV is compression programme more associated windows.
Bandwidth is the amount of data that can be transferred through a server or connection at one time, it is measured in megabytes (mb) per second bigger the mb the more information can pass through.
Frame rates are how many frames there are per second, so basically it how many frames appear on screen per second.
Screen resolution is how many pixels are on a screen, the more pixels the better picture quality.
File sizes are how big or small a file is, the larger a file the more space it takes up.
Picture ratio is the image ratio of width and height, you often have the aspect ratio on viewfinder when a film is being shot.
Digital right management is the copyright of digital and online content.
There are many types of media player some common types of media players are DVD, I player, QuickTime which an apple designed internet player, Windows media player, a Microsoft designed internet player and Real, a cross format internet player.
Embedding video is when you put a video on a website by copying the HTML and pasting it onto your website. sometimes this privelidge is disallowed by copyright.
Video tagging is used on Facebook to tag people in the video so that those people can see that they are in it, and are then able to follow a hyperlink.

Tuesday 23 February 2010

Lip sync project



The idea

for our lip sync project we were put into groups of four and each given a song to make a short music video for as practise for our final videos, we were each given 1 day to complete our lip sync video. my group was; me, Frazer ,Luke and Rob, unfortunately Rob was ill and did not appear in our video, but we managed without him. The theme for our form group was songs by Barry Manilow. The song our group was given originally was 'Weekend in new england'. we discussed video ideas for this song, but eventually decided we would rather do the song 'Mandy'.

Filming

When it came down to filming. We decided to go up to the park behind the college, because the park offers a range of spectacular views and the perfect set for our romantic, passionate lip sync. we decided that it would be most effective if each of us had one verse each to sync. we opened up the video sequence with an establishing shot of the big oak tree in the middle of the park. it then focuses on luke who is sitting against the tree as he begins to sing the song. we felt that this image was effective to capture the mood of the song. i then appear from behind the tree whilst miming the lyrics and to give look a reasuring hug. The rest of the sequence is a mixture of panning and still shots with us miming the song through out. The sequence ends with us running into the distance and then finnishes on the shot of the tree.

summary

I feel that our sequence went very well becuase as well as being entertaining and funny, we also mannaged to capture the emotion beind the lyrics of the song. i think that the shots we used and our post production ideas worked effectively. if i did the project again i would take more time to learn the words.


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Bibliography

Wikipedia

Youtube

Tutors

research into the work of a music director

The work of Chris Cunningham.



Chris Cunningham is an English music video film director and video artist. He was born in Reading, Berkshire in 1970 and grew up in Lakenheath, Suffolk. Cunningham has had close ties to Warp Records since his first production for Autechre. Videos for Aphex Twin's "Come to Daddy" and "Windowlicker" are perhaps his best known. His video for Björk's "All Is Full of Love" won multiple awards, including an MTV music video award for Breakthrough Video and was nominated for a Grammy for Best Short Form Music Video. It was also the first ever music video to win a Gold Pencil at the D&AD Awards. It can still be seen at the Museum of Modern Art in New York. His video for Aphex Twin's "Windowlicker" was nominated for the "Best Video" award at the Brit Awards 2000. He also directed Madonna's "Frozen" video.

Chris Cunningham made his directorial debut in 1997 with the music video for "Come to Daddy" by Aphex Twin, which was instantly praised, banned, and raved about by many people in the business. He followed up by making the music video for "Windowlicker" by Aphex Twin, and the astounding "All is Full of Love" video by Björk. His incredible style alone makes him a director to watch out for.

Aphex Twin - Come to daddy



The song Come to daddy is one of the more famous that was directed by Chris Cunningham. the video contains disturbing imagery, The video opens with an old woman walking a dog in a grimy, industrial setting. The dog urinates on an abandoned television lying on the sidewalk, causing it to sputter unexpectedly into life. This unleashes an evil spirit from the set, accompanied by a gang of small children, all of whom bear the face of Richard D. James donning a demonic grin, who appear to be the inhabitants of the abandoned buildings. The children go around wreaking havoc, trashing an alley and chasing a man into his car.
Richard D. james discribed the making of Come to daddy: "Come to Daddy came about while I was just hanging around my house, getting pissed and doing this crappy death metal jingle. Then it got marketed and a video was made, and this little idea that I had, which was a joke, turned into something huge. It wasn't right at all."
Come to daddy was named number three best video of all time in 2005. Chris Cunningham has worked on other music videos for Aphex twin like 'Window licker' and the monkey drummer video.


Bjork - All is full of love



"Most video directors have one trick that they use all the time. Then there are people who build a whole world around them. Chris is like that. We have only seen the tip of the iceberg with Chris."

All is Full of Love is an elegant, moving description of two Björk robots in love. As they are pieced and wired into existence, they sing to each other and fall in love. The video reaches its harmonious climax as the robots join in embrace while still being detailed by the industrial machines beside them. Each robot was designed by Chris Cunningham, faces reminiscent of Björk's own delicate features. Cunningham said "When I first heard the track I wrote down the words 'sexual,' 'milk,' 'white porcelain,' 'surgery.' [The video]'s a combination of several fetishes: industrial robotics, female anatomy, and flourescent light in that order." The video recieved many awards thanks to Cunningham's genius.

Squarepusher - come on my selector




Come on My Selector is another brilliant promo. This video won many big-time industry awards. The original idea for the squarepusher video was a cat and dog chasing around a house, but three days before the shoot Cunningham changed the idea to having a chinese girl escaping a mental hospital. This was the first video that Chri Cunninngham edited together himself.

Personal Quotes

All I ever do is talk about films and then not make them. As a result I thought: just shut up about it - make a film then talk about it when it's done. But it's got to be something that I'm absolutely frothing about. After three or four years tinkering with other people's material I came to the conclusion that I just had to develop my own material from scratch.

I love anatomy. I love the human form, I always have. That's why I got into painting and sculpting, that's why I got into doing prosthetics, that's why I got into making films about bodies. But the one thing that I hadn't been able to incorporate was sound. And that was my favorite love of all. And as soon as I started doing that in film, that was it for me.

We did versions of it in six different languages, to go round the world. The German version was fucking hilarious, just really brutal. Everything sounded so aggressive and rude. The girl sounded like she was going to get out of the chair and stab you after she'd finished her monologue. [talking about his ad for Playstation, Mental Wealth]


Music production

In 2004/2005, Cunningham took a sabbatical from filmmaking to learn about music production and recording and develop his own music projects. In December 2007 Cunningham produced two tracks, "Three Decades" and "Primary Colours", for Primary Colours, the second album by The Horrors. In the summer of 2008, due to scheduling conflicts with his feature film script writing he couldn't work on the rest of the album which was subsequently recorded by Geoff Barrow from Portishead. In 2008, he produced and arranged a new version of 'I Feel Love' for the Gucci commercial that he also directed. He travelled to Nashville to work with Donna Summer to record a brand new vocal for it.

Earlier work in film included model making, prosthetic make-up and concept illustrations for Hardware and Dust Devil with director Richard Stanley, as well as Nightbreed. In 1990–1992 he contributed the occasional cover painting and strip for Judge Dredd Megazine, working under the pseudonym Chris Halls, the surname of his stepfather.

other Filmography projects Chris Cunningham has played a major role in:

"Second Bad Vilbel" (1996) video for Autechre
"Back With The Killer Again" (1996) video for The Auteurs
"Light Aircraft on Fire" (1996) video for The Auteurs
"Another Day" (1996) video for Lodestar
"Space Junkie" (1996) video for Holy Barbarians
"36 Degrees" (1996) video for Placebo
"Personally" (1997) video for 12 Rounds
"Jesus Coming in for the Kill" (1997) video for Lifes Addiction
"The Next Big Thing" (1997) video for Jesus Jones
"Tranquillizer" (1997) video for Geneva
"No More Talk" (1997) video for Dubstar
"Something To Say" (1997) video for Jocasta
"Come To Daddy" (1997) video for Aphex Twin
"Only You" (1998) video for Portishead
"Frozen" (1998) video for Madonna
"Come On My Selector" (1998) video for Squarepusher
"All Is Full of Love" (1999) video for Björk
"Windowlicker" (1999) video for Aphex Twin
"Afrika Shox" (1999) video for Leftfield and Afrika Bambaataa
"Mental Wealth" (1999) commercial for PlayStation
"Flex" (2000), using sounds created by Aphex Twin
"Monkey Drummer" (2001), using "Mt Saint Michel + Saint Michaels mount" from Aphex Twin's album Drukqs
"Rubber Johnny" (2005), using "Afx237 V7" from Aphex Twin's album Drukqs
"Sheena Is A Parasite" (2006), video for The Horrors
"Gucci Flora" (2009) commercial for Gucci Perfume

here is a URL to a chris cunningham interview by pixelvision which questions him on his short film titled 'Rubber Johnny'

http://www.pixelsurgeon.com/interviews/interview.php?id=181

Audiences reactions to his work:

Generaly, when searching and browsing through reviews and comments left by veiwers of chris cunningham's work, you find that people find his work inspirational and unique in its concepts and amazing special effects .I print screened these customer reviews of the Chris Cunningham DVD from Amazon.com.

the reviews rate the DVD as 10 out of 10, one of the comments someone left said "In short, this looks to be a superb portfolio of work, and something you'll come to time and time again, both for yourself and to show any friends that come to visit. Fantastic."



Chris Cunningham's work also recieves tremmendous praise from veiwers on YouTube. i print screened commetns posted on the short film 'Rubber Johnny' by aphex twin and Chris.

Textual analysis of two contemporary music videos

Music video textual analysis

Slipknot – Duality



The band and the song,

Slipknot is an American heavy metal band from Des Moines, Iowa, formed in 1995. Slipknot consists of nine members. The current band members are Sid Wilson, Joey Jordison, Paul Gray, Chris Fehn, Jim Root, Craig Jones, Shawn "Clown" Crahan, Mick Thomson, and Corey Taylor. Each member of the band wears a unique mask.
The video for Slipknot’s single ‘Duality’. Duality was originally released as a CD single on May 4th, 2004. On May 25th the single was released on 7-inch red vinyl to coincide with the release of the album. To promote the single, the band also made an appearance on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno.

The music video, which was directed by Tony Petrossian, was produced at a cost between $300,000 and $500,000 and was recorded on March 27th, 2004. The video was shot on location at a fan's house in West Des Moines, Iowa, the aftermath of which resulted in the family asking the band to replace an extensive list of objects and fittings which were damaged or destroyed during the video shoot. Roadrunner Records provided the family with roughly $50,000 as compensation. Mid-way through shooting the video, the band and fans were asked to avoid jumping around too much, as it would have resulted in either the floor caving in or the entire house collapsing.

Video evaluation

The overall Mise-en-scene of the video is to help capture the atmosphere of a live performance. The natural lighting in the video also helps convay an aspect of realism into the video. although the performance is based inside an american house, the real Slipknot fans running through the real garden and smashing into a real house really add to the atmosphere that is captured. The editing in the video is fairly basic, there isnt any CGI or anything complicated to confuse the veiwer. The basic editing works effectly in capturing an energetic vibe throughout the video.

The video starts with a close up slow motion shot of a fans facial expression. the begining of the video starts off very slowly and gradualy grows in intensity. The song builds up at 0:21 and punches its full intensity at 0:35. the very start of the video cuts to a large crowd of fans running towards the camera, which is recorded from behind a window with it in its foreground; this gives the video a dull, damp atmosphere and shows the videos desaturated colour. This camera shot may be a point of view shot but this can be argued when watching the video. The running fans are recorded in slow motion; this really allows the aggression and excitement of the fans to take effect. As the song switches in intensity the video cuts to shots inside the house of the band performing in very close quarters with the fans, this helps to build an incredible atmosphere. The video constantly switches between clips of the band performing and fans destroying the house and the surrounding environment. At one point in the video, when lead singer Corey Taylor sings the lyrics, "You cannot kill what you did not create", the words are seen painted on the garage door behind the crowd of fans which is a very powerful example of Mise-en-scene.

Near the end of the song there is a coda section where the music and singing builds up to a highly energetic section. Prior to this at 2:22 Corey seemingly calms the crowd with an outstretched arm, this is followed with Corey pacing through the crowd repeating the lyrics "All I've got, all I've got is insane". This section in the video is deffinately one of the most intense that it gets. the scene cuts and an even larger crowd is situated outside watching the performance. This is filmed using a series of hand held cameras situated and pacing through the crowd, this allows the viewer to really feel as if they are in the heart of the action. The atmosphere builds and builds and then at 2:55 the chorus begins, and the crowd immediately continue to destroy their surroundings in a more frantic manner than before, shortly after this the song suddenly ends.

Though out the video there is powerful imagery that mainly consist of cinematically intense close ups and wide shots which really help deliver the song.most of the shots are captured using hand held cameras, using hand held cameras allows us to really get in to the centre of the mayhem that is unfolding in the video. The shots used are shaky, unfocused and disorientated. The video has a desaturated haze to it throughout the performance. The colours and mise-en-scene are very bleak, but this proves effective as it helps to capture the action and realism of the performance. The video follows the performance by slipknot and does not contain any obvious narrative or concept. Exept the idea of a house being gradualy destroyed by fans.

The lyrics of the song are very powerfuli in the video, the aggression and the chaos of the video feeds from the lyrics of the song and the energy they create. they build up before each chorus and the words "i push my fingers into my... eyes" hold significant value in creating the atmosphere and carnage caused in the video. The video is a live performance, so you could say that the chaos is in direct effect of the lyrics and the power of the song. The slow motion destruction of the house carries as powerfull of a message as the lyrics create because the destruction is fueled by the lyrics. I think the song and lyrics can be best surmised as coming to terms with yourself. There is definitely hidden messages in this song behind the lyrics. which Goes quite well with the album named "subliminal". At first the person is suffering and raging against everything. What makes it painful is they are stretched out between their mortal side and their state as a higher being.

"I've wished for this
I've bitched for that
I've left beind this little fact
You cannot kill what you did not create"

i think this section of the lyrics means that no matter what, you can drive yourself through hell and back, you can torture and punish yourself, you can dig, dig, DIG, but you cannot destroy who you are. Simply because you are not who you created. its about coming to terms. Everyone has a certain potential and everyone is different. but Does it ever occur that there is some strange reason that there seems to be a unique path we gravitate towards, yet we do not have the full understanding until later in our lives.

Thinking about the genre of the song. The band has stated that their primary influences include Kiss, Black Sabbath, Slayer, Judas Priest, Korn, White Zombie, Led Zeppelin and Beastie Boys. Death metal, black metal and heavy metal have been mentioned as a key influence on the band's musical direction and these bands and musical genres express themselves in the duality video. The intended audience of the video is the fans of Slipknot or Heavy metal in general. I choose to analys this video becuase it is one of the most famous songs by slipknot and one of there best, i also like the video because of the atmosphere it creates. This video is typical of a heavy metal song becuase it is fast and energetic. it builds up in sections and releases in outbursts of energy. The Mise-en-scene is also typical of a band of this genre. Destruction and rebelation are often featured in heavy metel promos. If someone who had never seen a Slipknot watched this video they would could a good idea of what slipknot are about. The video represents the images of Slipknot very well, both are agressive, destructive and energetic. The video shows the band wearing their trademark masks and shows the image that slipknot is. Fans of slipknot would be the primary audience that the video is aimed at, although i think anyone who watched this video would feel as involved as the fans.

Audience reactions

i went onto Amazon.com and read the reviews people had left on the Slipknot Subliminal album the reviews were mainly possitive:



I print screened comments people left on youtube about the Duality video, the majority of comments are positive:






Beastie Boys - Sabotage



The band and the song

"Sabotage" is a 1994 song by the American Rap rock group Beastie Boys. It appears on their album 'Ill Communication' and is one of Beastie boys most well known hits. The song's genre is characterized as rapcore, featuring traditional rock instrumentation performed by the band members, Adrock on guitar, MCA on bass, and Mike D. on drums, the song also contains turntable scratches and heavily distorted bass guitar riffs.
The music video is very much responaible for the songs publicity and how it became so popular. It was directed by Spike Jonze and is one of his most successful promotional videos. Sabotage is played extensively on MTV as a homage to and parody of 1970s crime drama. series like Hawaii Five-0, The Streets of San Francisco, S.W.A.T., Baretta, and Starsky and Hutch had a heavy influence on the video. The songit self reached the top ten in the US single charts. Beastie Boys began as a hardcore punk group in 1979 and we can see traces of their punk history through the song Sabotage. They are one of the longest lived hip-hop acts worldwide and continue to enjoy commercial and critical success even today, 25 years after the release of their debut album.

The Music Video

the "Sabotage" music video is presented as the opening credits of a fictional 1970s-style police show called Sabotage, with the particular video that i have embeded in this blog, the band is shown at the start of the video, in character, as if being interviewed on a television programe, this makes the actual video seem as if it is in fact reality. the band members appear in the music video as the staring characters. Each band member is introduced as a fictional actor, and the names of the characters they play are also given. For example, at 1:54 "Nathan Wind as Cochese".

The video opens suddenly with a close up image of a police car siren flashing, this first shot is in time with the music. The next few shots are put together with fast paced editing with different angles of a speeding police car, these camera shots show a mixture of interesting angles including Dutch tilts and tracking shots of moving wheels. At 0:41 the drums kick in as the car hits a stack of boxes and newspapers. The verse begins and the song builds up as one of the "cops" kicks open a wire gate. There is then a montage which continues for the rest of the first verse, the montage shows the band members kicking down doors, climbing and jumping across rooftops. The video is very fast paced throughout this section with quick paced editing. At the end of the verse, the title of the song "Sabotage" swoops in as it is sung by all three of the band members. Some scenes had to be removed when this video was shown on MTV, including a knife-fight sequence, a falling-off-a-bridge scene and a scene in which one of the men were thrown out of a car on the street.

The overall Mise-en-scene of the video supports the 1970's theme and no bright colours are used that would interfear with the concept. The video proves effective as it succesfully promoted the band and resulted in their huge publicity. The video follows a narrative of the band fighting crime in the 1970s. It is a funny take-off on old 70's cop show, having a big black cop casted as bunny for example and with the three in fake wigs and moustaches running around with a frenzied pace. This is a brilliant punkrap song and video,and is deffinately one of the best of the 90's.

The editing of the video is in time with the beat of the song all the way through the track.

The video is shot using primeraly hand held cameras, this is very effective as it gives the video a more dramtic approach and makes the viewer feel more involved in the drama unfolding. The hand held cameras are also typical of a spike jonze music video. the Mise-en-scene in the video follows the idea of a 1970s police drama, with old fashioned cars, city location, and big bushy hair and moustaches.

If someone watched 'Sabotage' without allready knowing it was a beastie boys music video, they may axtually believe that it was an introduction to a real television drama. Spike jonze's tight editing and coreography really makes The video what it is. Becuase Sabotage is very fast paced, this is done to stay in time with the song and to create the excited energetic atmosphere which is displayed in the video. the video contains alot of intertextuality, we can see that Spike Jonze has taken ideas from lots of cop programes and films like lethal weapon. The idea of having to rescue a teammate and defuse a bomb is typical of a 1970s drama. I choose to analyse this video becuase it is one of my favourite songs by Beastie Boys and i find the video funny and entertaining.

Audience Reactions

i went onto Amazon.com and took a look at the reviews for the ablum 'ill communication' the comments and reviews on there were all possitive. although i could not capture an image of the web page this is the URL:

http://www.amazon.com/Ill-Communication-Beastie-Boys/dp/B000002TP7/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=music&qid=1269885310&sr=8-4

i print screened reviews and comments people had left for the video on youtube:
the comments say things like "best video in my book, and thats where it counts." and "greatest music video of all time"

purposes of music videos

A music video is a short film or video that accompanies a complete piece of music or a song. Modern music videos are primarily made and used as a marketing device intended to promote the sale of music recordings. Music videos are primarily used for the promotion of music singles by the artist. Music videos have become a necessity for bands and artists over the past 4 decades, videos are sometimes remembered more than the actual song. The first ever music videos were just basic recordings of of an artist performing their own song. during the 60’s,



The Beatles took the idea of using filming a performance to promote themselves by introducing concept and a narrative to the performance. This allowed them to promote singles without having to constantly be on tour. Alot of other artists copied this idea. Bob and The Animals also made very important and memorable videos around the tim eof the beatles.

During the 70’s music videos had become a very important part of promoting songs for all major artists. Artists were competing to come up with the most memorable conceptual ideas.

David Bowie took the idea of the pop promo a stage further, making what were essentially short films charting the story of a character named Ziggy Stardust. The renowned Rolling Stone photojournalist Mick Rock worked with Bowie to create a series of short films which allowed Bowie to basically turn into this character and for the audience to see him.



This collaboration was also important becasue Mick Rock was actually a photographer not a TV/Film maker, he was also given complete control of the entire project. This idea is something that influenced the way music videos would be made in the future.
Queens Bohemian Rhapsody was also a very famous promotionla video. In the 80’s MTV was launched. MTV was a cable television channel dedicated souly to playing music videos. This new channel proved very succesful.

Budgets rose for music videos and the directors involved were becoming more famous, and their ideas and images became more challenging. The first video to be banned by MTV was Queen's 1982 hit "Body Language." Due to its homoerotic content, plus lots of skin and sweat. it was branded unsuitable for a television audience at the time. However, MTV did show Olivia Newton-John's 1981 video for the song "Physical", which lavished camera time on male models working out in string bikinis, ultimately pairing off to walk to the men's locker rooms holding hands. The video for "Girls on Film" by Duran Duran, which featured topless women mud wrestling was also banned by the BBC. Today we can access these videos easily via bedsites like YouTube.



The video for Micheal Jackson's Thriller took the idea of a music video to a new level, the video was basicly a short film including the song, it was 14 minutes long and was filled with scripted speech and sound effects. It was directed by a film director, John Landis, and went on to be nominated for an Oscar. The video was shown on MTV and shown as a special event on other channels. It was also released on video cassette. Thriller had a huge effect on music videos and highlighted show the world how powerful the music video could be.



The Thriller video really captures the meaning of a promotional video, and is recognised as one of the most successful promotional videos of all time. The 80’s and early 90’s contained lots of artist releasing more and more challenging videos. Duran Duran and Madonna released some of the more controversial videos at this time.

during the early 90's and today, the music video has become an expected part of a bands new single release, and bands use the videos to push their image and ideas towards a wider audience. One of the biggest success stories relating to music videos during the 90's was the rise of the american grunge band Nirvana. In 1991, Smells Like Teen Spirit was about to release as a teaser for their second album Nevermind. The record company were expecting sales of around 50,000 copies for the album. However, 2 months after its release, MTV decided to place the song on its main playlist. This resulted in the video being showed several times every day and led to success of both the single, which reached number 1 in the US billboard charts 3 months after release, as well as the band. Nirvana's huge international success really shows the power that MTV held.



Many famous film directors started off their careers by creating music videos and the 90’s was responsible for creating the careers of Spike Jonze, Michel Gondry, Chris Cunningham and other famous directors, sometimes the video director becomes famous than the actual band.

Also with the rise of the internet and websites like 'Youtube', the music video has found a whole new distribution channel and it is much easier for videos and bands to get recognised. Artists no longer have to rely on physicaly releasing singles or appearing on MTV, anyone can now access music videos whenever they want. The effect of the internet has also been the fall in the amount of music videos that MTV now play. The main MTV channel now actually plays very little music videos, limited to just a single chart show each week. Instead, it shows soap operas, realty and teen drama programming all aimed at an audience of teenagers. It also means that artists no longer need expensive budgets and anyone can easily watch their favourite music videos.

more people using the internet has also led to a whole new market of homemade videos and parody acts. Fans of bands can now make their own music videos to their favourite songs. Daft Punk famously saw a fan made clip of the song “Stronger” and used the video as the official promo for the song. The soul purspose of a music video is to promote the artist and sales.

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in reaction to this video hundreds of copy cat user generates content was created giving the song and the band wider publicity and increases popularity here is another famous user generated video for the song 'Stronger'.